Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog toChinese haze

doi:10.1073/pnas.1616540113

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	Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog toChinese haze
	Wang,GH(Wang,Gehui)[1,2,3,4,5]; Zhang,RY(Zhang,Renyi)[3,4,5]; Gomez,M E(Gomez, Mario E)[3,4,7]; Yang, LX(Yang,Lingxiao)[3,8]; Zamora, M L(Zamora, Misti Levy)[3]; Hu,M(Hu,Min)[6]; Lin,Y(Lin,Yun)[3]; Peng,JF(Peng,Jianfei)[3,6]; Guo,S(Guo,Song)[3,6]; Meng,JJ(Meng,Jingjing)[1,2,9]; Li,JJ(Li,Jianjun)[1,2]; Cheng,CL(Cheng,Chunlei)[1,2,9]; Hu,TF(Hu,Tafeng)[1,2]; Ren,YQ(Ren,Yanqin)[1,2,9]; Wang,YS(Wang,Yuesi)[10]; Gao,J(Gao,Jian)[11]; Cao,JJ(Cao,Junji)[1,2]; An,ZS(An,Zhisheng)[1,2,12]; Zhou,WJ(Zhou,Weijian)[1,2,13]; Li,GH(Li,Guohui)[1,2]; Wang,JY(Wang,Jiayuan)[1,2,9]; Tian,PF(Tian,Pengfei)[3,14]; Marrero-Ortiz,W(Marrero-Ortiz,Wilmarie)[3,4]; Secrest,J(Secrest,Jeremiah)[3,4]; Du,ZF(Du,Zhuofei)[6]; Zheng,J(Zheng,Jing)[6]; Shang,DJ(Shang,Dongjie)[6]; Zeng,LM(Zeng,Limin)[6]; Shao,M(Shao,Min)[6]; Wang,WG(Wang,Weiguo)[3,15,16]; Huang,Y(Huang,Yao)[1,2,9]; Wang,Y(Wang,Yuan)[17]; Zhu,YJ(Zhu,Yujiao)[3,18]; Li,YX(Li,Yixin)[3]; Hu,JX(Hu,Jiaxi)[3]; Pan,BW(Pan,Bowen)[3]; Cai,L(Cai,Li)[3,19]; Cheng,YT(Cheng,Yuting)[1,2,9]; Ji,YM(Ji,Yuemeng)[3,20]; Zhang,F(Zhang,Fang)[3,12]; Rosenfeld,D(Rosenfeld, Daniel)[3,21]; Liss, P S(Liss,Peter S)[3,22]; Duce, R A(Duce,Robert A)[3]; Kolb, C E(Kolb, Charles E)[3,23]; Molina, M J(Molina, Mario J)[24]
	2016-11-29
发表期刊	PNAS
卷号	113 期号:48 页码:13630-13635
文章类型	期刊论文
摘要	Sulfate aerosols exert profound impacts on human and ecosystem health, weather, and climate, but their formation mechanism remains uncertain. Atmospheric models consistently underpredict sulfate levels under diverse environmental conditions. From atmospheric measurements in two Chinese megacities and complementary laboratory experiments, we show that the aqueous oxidation of SO2 by NO2 is key to efficient sulfate formation but is only feasible under two atmospheric conditions: on fine aerosols with high relative humidity and NH3 neutralization or under cloud conditions. Under polluted environments, this SO2 oxidation process leads to large sulfate production rates and promotes formation of nitrate and organic matter on aqueous particles, exacerbating severe haze development. Effective haze mitigation is achievable by intervening in the sulfate formation process with enforced NH3 and NO2 control measures. In addition to explaining the polluted episodes currently occurring in China and during the 1952 London Fog, this sulfate production mechanism is widespread, and our results suggest a way to tackle this growing problem in China and much of the developing world.
DOI	10.1073/pnas.1616540113
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
引用统计	被引频次：985[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/5928
专题	粉尘与环境研究室
作者单位	1.aState Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China; 2.Key Laboratory ofAerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China; 3.Department of Atmospheric Sciences, TexasA&M University, College Station, TX 77843; 4.Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840; 5.School of Geographic Sciences, EastChina Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; 6.State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of EnvironmentalSciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 7.Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199; 8.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; 9.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 10.Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 11.Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100000,China; 12.Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 13.Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; 14.Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change ofthe Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; 15.State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry ofUnstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 16.Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 17.Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; 18.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; 19.School of ElectricalEngineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; 20.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and PollutionControl, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; 21.Program of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew Universityof Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; 22.School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom; 23.Aerodyne Research, Inc.,Billerica, MA 01821-3976; and 24.Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang,GH,Zhang,RY,Gomez,M E,et al. Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog toChinese haze[J]. PNAS,2016,113(48):13630-13635.
APA	Wang,GH.,Zhang,RY.,Gomez,M E.,Yang, LX.,Zamora, M L.,...&Molina, M J.(2016).Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog toChinese haze.PNAS,113(48),13630-13635.
MLA	Wang,GH,et al."Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog toChinese haze".PNAS 113.48(2016):13630-13635.

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