Chemical composition and source identification of rainwater constituents at an urban site in Xi'an

doi:10.1007/s12665-015-4997-z

IEECAS OpenIR > 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室（2010~）

	Chemical composition and source identification of rainwater constituents at an urban site in Xi'an
	Xiao, Jun
	2016-02-01
发表期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
卷号	75 期号:3
文章类型	Article
摘要	Major ions, pH and electric conductivity (EC) in rainwater samples collected from June 2011 to July 2012 were analyzed to evaluate chemical characteristics and source apportionment of rainwater in Xi'an, a city located on the loess deposits. The rainwater was slightly alkaline with a daily volume-weighted mean (VWM) pH of 7.7, which ranged from 7.4 to 8.4. The VWM concentrations of major ions followed the order of Ca2+>SO42->NH4+>NO3->Cl->Na+>K+>Mg2+>F-. Ca(2+)and SO42- dominated in cations and anions, respectively. Investigations of neutralization factors indicated that the acidity of rainwater in Xi'an was neutralized by NH4+ and Ca2+, which presented relatively higher neutralization capability than cities in southern China. The back trajectory analysis showed that the chemistry of rainwater in Xi'an is influenced by local pollutions sources and soil dust in local and remote area. Large inputs of soil dust and coal combustion during the winter and spring led to higher values of major ions and pH values during dry seasons than wet seasons. The principal factor analysis, correlation analysis, and source apportionment indicated that SO42 and NO3- were from anthropogenic sources, while Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+ were from crust fractions. The estimated annual wet depositions for sulfur, nitrogen, and calcium were 3.9, 1.5, and 4.2 t//km(2), respectively. Although rainwater acidity in Xi'an was mainly caused by H2SO4, the contribution of HNO3 will be enhanced due to increasing NOx and relatively stable SO2 emissions in the future. The high concentrations of EC, SO42-, and NO3- in rainwater indicated Xi'an is severely polluted. To improve air quality in Xi'an, simultaneous reduction of particle emissions and fossil fuel and vehicles emissions are worthy of advocating. The results have implications for identification of potential sources in rainwater and for evaluation of air quality improvement in Xi'an and other similar cities in China.
关键词	Rainwater Chemical Composition Source Apportionment Neutralization Factor Anthropogenic Source
WOS标题词	Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Physical Sciences
DOI	10.1007/s12665-015-4997-z
关键词[WOS]	PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY ; TIBETAN PLATEAU ; WET PRECIPITATION ; ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES ; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT ; SOUTHWESTERN CHINA ; IONIC COMPOSITION ; NORTHWEST CHINA ; ACID DEPOSITION ; SOUTH CHINA
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology ; Water Resources
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Water Resources
WOS记录号	WOS:000370241400031
引用统计	被引频次：64[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/5826
专题	黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室（2010~）
作者单位	Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Xiao, Jun. Chemical composition and source identification of rainwater constituents at an urban site in Xi'an[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES,2016,75(3).
APA	Xiao, Jun.(2016).Chemical composition and source identification of rainwater constituents at an urban site in Xi'an.ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES,75(3).
MLA	Xiao, Jun."Chemical composition and source identification of rainwater constituents at an urban site in Xi'an".ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES 75.3(2016).

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