Seasonal Variation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 during Winter and Summer over Xi'an, China
Liu, Pingping1,2; Lei, Yali1; Ren, Huarui1; Gao, Jinjin1; Xu, Hongmei1; Shen, Zhenxing1,2; Zhang, Qian1; Zheng, Chunli1; Liu, Hongxia1; Zhang, Renjian3; Pan, Hua1
2017-05-01
发表期刊ATMOSPHERE
卷号8期号:5
文章类型Article
摘要In this study, 24 h PM2.5 (particles with an equivalent diameter equal to or below 2.5 mu m) samples were collected in winter and summer in Xi'an, Northwestern China to characterize the seasonal variations of eleven elements (As, Cd, Cr, Fe, K, Mn, Mo, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Cu) and to evaluate their health risks by using the US EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) method. Mass concentrations of the elements (except Ni) in winter were much higher than those in summer, with similar variations for both seasons. The levels of elements followed a decreasing order of K > Zn > Fe > Pb > Cr > As > Mn > Cu > Mo > Ni > Cd. According to the enrichment factor (EF) analysis, the highest EF value for Cd inferred that it should be linked with the metal smelting and other anthropogenic sources. In contrast, the EF values of K and Mn (1 < EF < 5) suggested that they were influenced by both natural and anthropogenic sources. The daily average exposure dose for children and adults by different exposure pathways were both ingestion > dermal contact > inhalation. The non-cancer risks for different exposure pathways showed different orders. The non-cancer risks (hazard quotients) were lower than the average risk threshold (1.0) except for As, Pb, and Cr, which require greater attention. Elements of As and Cr were higher than the cancer risk threshold value (1 x 10(-6)), indicating that the cancer risks of PM2.5 elements in Xi'an should be a concern.
关键词Pm2.5 Metals Enrichment Factor Non-cancer Risk Cancer Risk
WOS标题词Science & Technology ; Physical Sciences
DOI10.3390/atmos8050091
关键词[WOS]TRACE-ELEMENTS ; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS ; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION ; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; STREET DUST ; AEROSOL ; CONTAMINATION ; SOIL ; EPISODE
收录类别SCI
语种英语
WOS研究方向Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号WOS:000404059500013
引用统计
被引频次:28[WOS]   [WOS记录]     [WOS相关记录]
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/5446
专题黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室(2010~)
作者单位1.Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Xian 710049, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, SKLLQG, Xian 710061, Peoples R China
3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Key Lab Reg Climate Environm Temperate East Asia, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
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Liu, Pingping,Lei, Yali,Ren, Huarui,et al. Seasonal Variation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 during Winter and Summer over Xi'an, China[J]. ATMOSPHERE,2017,8(5).
APA Liu, Pingping.,Lei, Yali.,Ren, Huarui.,Gao, Jinjin.,Xu, Hongmei.,...&Pan, Hua.(2017).Seasonal Variation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 during Winter and Summer over Xi'an, China.ATMOSPHERE,8(5).
MLA Liu, Pingping,et al."Seasonal Variation and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 during Winter and Summer over Xi'an, China".ATMOSPHERE 8.5(2017).
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