| PM2.5 emissions and source profiles from open burning of crop residues | |
| Ni, Haiyan1,2,3; Tian, Jie1,2,3; Wang, Xiaoliang2,4; Wang, Qiyuan1,2; Han, Yongming1,2,5; Cao, Junji2,5; Long, Xin1,2,3; Chen, L-W. Antony2,4,6; Chow, Judith C.1,4; Watson, John G.1,4; Huang, Ru-Jin2,7; Dusek, Ulrike8 | |
| 2017-11-01 | |
| 发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
 |
| 卷号 | 169期号:2017页码:229-237 |
| 文章类型 | Article |
| 摘要 | Wheat straw, rice straw, and corn stalks, the major agricultural crop residues in China, were collected from six major crop producing regions, and burned in a laboratory combustion chamber to determine PM2.5 source profiles and speciated emission factors (EFs). Organic carbon (OC) and water-soluble ions (the sum of NH4+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-) are major constituents, accounting for 43.1 +/- 83% and 27.4 +/- 14.6% of PM2.5, respectively. Chloride (Cl-) and water-soluble potassium (K+) are the dominant ionic species, with an average abundance of 14.5 +/- 8.2% and 6.4 +/- 4.4% in PM2.5, respectively. The average K+/Cl- ratio is similar to 0.4, lower than 2.8-5.4 for wood combustion. Similarity measures (i.e., Student's t-test, coefficient of divergence, correlations, and residual to uncertainty ratios) show the crop profiles are too similar for the species measured to be resolved from one another by receptor modeling. The largest difference was found between rice straw and corn stalk emissions, with higher OC and lower Cl- and K+ abundances (50%, 8%, and 3% of PM2.5, respectively) for corn stalks; lower OC, and higher Cl- and K+ abundances (38%, 21%, and 10% of PM2.5, respectively) for rice straw. Average EFs were 4.8 +/- 3.1 g kg(-1) for OC, 1.3 +/- 0.8 g kg(-1) for Cl- and 0.59 +/- 0.56 g kg(-1) for K+. Flaming and smoldering combustions resulted in an average modified combustion efficiency (MCE) of 0.92 +/- 0.03, and low elemental carbon (EC) EFs (0.24 +/- 0.12 g kg(-1)). OC/EC ratios from individual source profiles ranged from 12.9 +/- 4.3 for rice straw to 24.1 +/- 13.5 for wheat straw. The average K+/EC ratio was 2.4 +/- 1.5, an order of magnitude higher than those from residential wood combustion (0.2-0.76). Elevated emission rates were found for OC (387 Gg yr(-1)) and Cl- (122 Gg yr(-1)), accounting for 44% and 14% of 2008 PM2.5 emissions in China. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| 关键词 | Source Profiles Emission Factors Emission Rates Crop Residues Biomass Burning |
| WOS标题词 | Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Physical Sciences |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.08.063 |
| 关键词[WOS] | FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS ; CHEMICAL SOURCE PROFILES ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; ORGANIC-CARBON ; ELEMENTAL CARBON ; UNITED-STATES ; TRACE GASES ; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT ; SAMPLING ARTIFACTS ; AEROSOL-PARTICLES |
| 收录类别 | SCI |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
| WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000413882400019 |
| 引用统计 | |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/5393 |
| 专题 | 粉尘与环境研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, SKLLQG, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, KLACP, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 4.Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA 5.Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Global Environm Change, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 6.Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA 7.Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland 8.Univ Groningen, ESRIG, Ctr Isotope Res CIO, Groningen, Netherlands |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Ni, Haiyan,Tian, Jie,Wang, Xiaoliang,et al. PM2.5 emissions and source profiles from open burning of crop residues[J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,2017,169(2017):229-237. |
| APA | Ni, Haiyan.,Tian, Jie.,Wang, Xiaoliang.,Wang, Qiyuan.,Han, Yongming.,...&Dusek, Ulrike.(2017).PM2.5 emissions and source profiles from open burning of crop residues.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,169(2017),229-237. |
| MLA | Ni, Haiyan,et al."PM2.5 emissions and source profiles from open burning of crop residues".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 169.2017(2017):229-237. |
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| PM2.5 emissions and （925KB） | 期刊论文 | 出版稿 | 开放获取 | CC BY-NC-SA | 请求全文 | |
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