Stable carbon isotopes and levoglucosan for PM2.5 elemental carbon sourceapportionments in the largest city of Northwest China

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.05.008

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	Stable carbon isotopes and levoglucosan for PM2.5 elemental carbon sourceapportionments in the largest city of Northwest China
	Zhao,ZZ(Zhao,Zhuzi)1,2; Cao,JJ(Cao,Junji)1,3; Zhang,T(Zhang,Ting)1; Shen,ZX(Shen,Zhenxing)4; Ni,HY(Ni,Haiyan)1; Tian,J(Tian,Jie)4; Wang,QY(Wang,Qiyuan)1; Liu,SX(Liu,Suixin)1; Zhou,JM(Zhou,Jiamao)1; Gu,J(Gu,Jian)2; Shen,GZ(Shen,Ganzhou)2; Zhao,Zhuzi
	2018-07
发表期刊	Atmospheric Environment
卷号	185 期号:2018 页码:253-561
文章类型	期刊论文
摘要	Stable carbon isotopes provide information on aerosol sources, but no extensive long-term studies of these isotopes have been conducted in China, and they have mainly been used for qualitative rather than quantitative purposes. Here, 24 h PM2.5 samples (n = 58) were collected from July 2008 to June 2009 at Xi'an, China. The concentrations of organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), water-soluble OC, and the stable carbon isotope abundances of OC and EC were determined. In spring, summer, autumn and winter, the mean stable carbon isotope in OC (δ13COC) were −26.4 ± 0.6, −25.8 ± 0.7, −25.0 ± 0.6 and −24.4 ± 0.8‰, respectively, and the corresponding δ13CEC values were −25.5 ± 0.4, −25.5 ± 0.8, −25.2 ± 0.7 and −23.7 ± 0.6‰. Large δ13CEC and δ13COC values in winter can be linked to the burning coal for residential heating. Less biomass is burned during spring and summer than winter or fall (manifested in the levels of levoglucosan, i.e., 178, 85, 370, 935 ng m−3 in spring, summer, autumn, and winter), and the more negative δ13COC in the warmer months can be explained by the formation of secondary organic aerosols. A levoglucosan tracer method combined with an isotope mass balance analysis indicated that biomass burning accounted for 1.6–29.0% of the EC, and the mean value in winter (14.9 ± 7.5%) was 7 times higher than summer (2.1 ± 0.4%), with intermediate values of 6.1 ± 5.6 and 4.5 ± 2.4% in autumn and spring. Coal combustion accounted for 45.9 ± 23.1% of the EC overall, and the percentages were 63.0, 37.2, 36.7, and 33.7% in winter, autumn, summer and spring respectively. Motor vehicles accounted for 46.6 ± 26.5% of the annual EC, and these contributed over half (56.7–61.8%) of the EC in all seasons except winter. Correlations between motor vehicle-EC and coal combustion-EC with established source indicators (B(ghi)P and As) support the source apportionment results. This paper describes a simple and accurate method for apportioning the sources of EC, and the results may be beneficial for developing model simulations as well as controlling strategies in future.
关键词	Pm2.5 Stable Carbon Isotopes Source Apportionment Xi'an
DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.05.008
收录类别	SCI
所属项目编号	41603129 ; 41230641 ; 2016M592852
项目资助者	National Natural ScienceFoundation of China ; National Natural ScienceFoundation of China ; General FinancialGrant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ; General FinancialGrant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
引用统计	被引频次：26[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/5364
专题	粉尘与环境研究室
通讯作者	Zhao,Zhuzi
作者单位	1.Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 2.Research Center for Advanced Air Technology, China Yancheng Environmental Protection Science and Technology City, Jiangsu, China 3.Institute of Global Environment Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 4.Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhao,ZZ,Cao,JJ,Zhang,T,et al. Stable carbon isotopes and levoglucosan for PM2.5 elemental carbon sourceapportionments in the largest city of Northwest China[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2018,185(2018):253-561.
APA	Zhao,ZZ.,Cao,JJ.,Zhang,T.,Shen,ZX.,Ni,HY.,...&Zhao,Zhuzi.(2018).Stable carbon isotopes and levoglucosan for PM2.5 elemental carbon sourceapportionments in the largest city of Northwest China.Atmospheric Environment,185(2018),253-561.
MLA	Zhao,ZZ,et al."Stable carbon isotopes and levoglucosan for PM2.5 elemental carbon sourceapportionments in the largest city of Northwest China".Atmospheric Environment 185.2018(2018):253-561.

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