| Characterization and health risk assessment of airborne pollutants in commercial restaurants in northwestern China: Under a low ventilation condition in wintertime | |
| Dai, Wenting1,2; Zhong, Haobin1,2; Li, Lijuan1,2; Cao, Junji1,3; Huang, Yu1; Shen, Minxia1; Wang, Liqin1; Dong, Jungang4; Tie, Xuexi1; Ho, Steven Sai Hang5; Ho, Kin Fai6,7 | |
| 2018-08-15 | |
| 发表期刊 | SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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| 卷号 | 633期号:3页码:308-316 |
| 文章类型 | Article |
| 摘要 | Impacts on indoor air quality of dining areas from cooking activities were investigated in eight categories of commercial restaurants including Szechwan Hotpot, Hunan, Shaanxi Noodle, Chinese Barbecue, Chinese Vegetarian, Korean Barbecue, Italian, and Indian, in Northwestern China during December 2011 to January 2012. Chemical characterization and health risk assessment for airborne carbonyls, and particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals were conducted under low ventilation conditions in wintertime. The highest total quantified carbonyls (Sigma(carbonyls)) concentration of 313.6 mu g m(-3) was found in the Chinese Barbecue, followed by the Szechwan Hotpot (222.6 mu g m(-3)) and Indian (221.9 mu g m(-3)) restaurants. However, the highest Sigma(carbonyls) per capita was found at the Indian restaurant (4500 mu g capita(-1)), suggesting that cooking methods such as stir-fly and bake for spices ingredients released more carbonyls from thermal cooking processes. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were the three most abundant species, totally accounting for >60% of mass concentrations of the Sigma(carbonyls). Phenanthrene, chrysene, and benzo[a]anthracene were the three most abundant PAHs. Low molecular weight fraction (Sigma PAHs(<= 178)) had the highest contributions accounting for 40.6%-65.7%, much greater than their heaver counterparts. Diagnostic PAHs ratios suggest that cooking fuel and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) contribute to the indoor PAHs profiles. Lead was the most abundant heavy metal in all sampled restaurants. High quantity of nickel was also found in samples due to the emissions from stainless-steel made kitchen utensils and cookware and ETS. Cancer risk assessments on the toxic substances demonstrate that the working environment of dining areas were hazard to health. Formation of reactive organic species (ROS) from the cooking activities was evidenced by measurement of hydroxyl radical (center dot OH) formed from simulating particulate matter (PM) react with surrogate lung fluid. The highest center dot OH concentration of 294.4 ng m(-3) was detected in Chinese Barbecue. In addition, the elevation of the concentrations of PM and center dot OH after non-dining periods implies that the significance of formation of oxidizing-active species indoor at poor ventilation environments. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| 关键词 | Cooking Emission Carbonyls Pahs Heavy Metals Commercial Restaurants Cancer Risk Assessment |
| WOS标题词 | Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.124 |
| 关键词[WOS] | POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS ; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION ; PORT THERMAL-DESORPTION ; SURROGATE LUNG FLUID ; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS ; CANCER-RISK ; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS ; DIAGNOSTIC RATIOS ; AEROSOL SAMPLES ; NEVER SMOKERS |
| 收录类别 | SCI |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000432475300031 |
| 引用统计 | |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/5152 |
| 专题 | 粉尘与环境研究室 |
| 作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Key Lab Aerosol Chem & Phys, SKLLQG, Xian 710061, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 3.Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Global Environm Change, Xian 710054, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 4.Xian Univ Architect & Technol, Sch Architect, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 5.Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA 6.Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Jockey Club Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China 7.Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen Municipal Key Lab Hlth Risk Anal, Shenzhen, Peoples R China |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Dai, Wenting,Zhong, Haobin,Li, Lijuan,et al. Characterization and health risk assessment of airborne pollutants in commercial restaurants in northwestern China: Under a low ventilation condition in wintertime[J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,2018,633(3):308-316. |
| APA | Dai, Wenting.,Zhong, Haobin.,Li, Lijuan.,Cao, Junji.,Huang, Yu.,...&Ho, Kin Fai.(2018).Characterization and health risk assessment of airborne pollutants in commercial restaurants in northwestern China: Under a low ventilation condition in wintertime.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,633(3),308-316. |
| MLA | Dai, Wenting,et al."Characterization and health risk assessment of airborne pollutants in commercial restaurants in northwestern China: Under a low ventilation condition in wintertime".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 633.3(2018):308-316. |
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| Characterization and（884KB） | 期刊论文 | 出版稿 | 开放获取 | CC BY-NC-SA | 请求全文 | |
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