Gaseous, PM2.5 mass, and speciated emission factors from laboratory chamber peat combustion | |
Watson, John G.1,2; Cao, Junji2,3; Chen, L. -W. Antony4; Wang, Qiyuan2; Tian, Jie2,3; Wang, Xiaoliang1; Gronstal, Steven1; Ho, Steven Sai Hang5; Watts, Adam C.1; Chow, Judith C.1,2 | |
通讯作者 | Watson, John G.(john.watson@dri.edu) |
2019-11-25 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
卷号 | 19期号:22页码:14173-14193 |
摘要 | Peat fuels representing four biomes of boreal (western Russia and Siberia), temperate (northern Alaska, USA), subtropical (northern and southern Florida, USA), and tropical (Borneo, Malaysia) regions were burned in a laboratory chamber to determine gas and particle emission factors (EFs). Tests with 25 % fuel moisture were conducted with predominant smoldering combustion conditions (average modified combustion efficiency (MCE) =0.82+/-0.08). Average fuel-based EFCO2 (carbon dioxide) are highest (1400 +/- 38 g kg(-1)) and lowest (1073 +/- 63 g kg(-1)) for the Alaskan and Russian peats, respectively. EFCO (carbon monoxide) and EFCH4 (methane) are similar to 12 %15 % and similar to 0.3 %0.9 % of EFCO2, in the range of 157171 and 310 g kg(-1), respectively. EFs for nitrogen species are at the same magnitude as EFCH4, with an average of 5.6 +/- 4.8 and 4.7 +/- 3.1 g kg(-1) for EFNH3 (ammonia) and EFHCN (hydrogen cyanide); 1.9+/-1.1 g kg(-1) for EFNOx (nitrogen oxides); and 2.4+/-1.4 and 2.0 +/- 0.7 g kg(-1) for EFNOy (total reactive nitrogen) and EFN2O (nitrous oxide). An oxidation flow reactor (OFR) was used to simulate atmospheric aging times of similar to 2 and similar to 7 d to compare fresh (upstream) and aged (downstream) emissions. Filter-based EFPM2.5 varied by > 4-fold (1461 g kg(-1)) without appreciable changes between fresh and aged emissions. The majority of EFPM2.5 consists of EFOC (organic carbon), with EFOC / EFPM2.5 ratios in the range of 52 %98 % for fresh emissions and similar to 14 %23 % degradation after aging. Reductions of EFOC (similar to 79 g kg(-1)) after aging are most apparent for boreal peats, with the largest degradation in low-temperature OC1 that evolves at < 140 degrees C, indicating the loss of high-vapor-pressure semivolatile organic compounds upon aging. The highest EFLevoglucosan is found for Russian peat (similar to 16 g kg(-1)), with similar to 35 %50 % degradation after aging. EFs for water-soluble OC (EFWSOC) account for similar to 20 %62 % of fresh EFOC. The majority (> 95 %) of the total emitted carbon is in the gas phase, with 54 %75 % CO2, followed by 8 %30 % CO. Nitrogen in the measured species explains 24 %52 % of the consumed fuel nitrogen, with an average of 35 +/- 11 %, consistent with past studies that report similar to 1/3 to 2/3 of the fuel nitrogen measured in biomass smoke. The majority (> 99 %) of the total emitted nitrogen is in the gas phase, with an average of 16.7 % as NH3 and 9.5 % as HCN center dot N2O and NOy constituted 5.7 % and 2.9 % of consumed fuel nitrogen. EFs from this study can be used to refine current emission inventories. |
DOI | 10.5194/acp-19-14173-2019 |
关键词[WOS] | BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS ; ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION ; NORTHERN JAPAN IMPLICATION ; SMOLDERING COMBUSTION ; NITROGEN DEPOSITION ; PARTICLE EMISSIONS ; TRACE GASES ; WALL-LOSS ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS |
收录类别 | SCI ; SCI |
语种 | 英语 |
资助项目 | U.S. National Science Foundation[AGS-1464501] ; U.S. National Science Foundation[CHE-1214163] ; National Atmospheric Research Program[2017YFC0212200] ; National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control in China[DQGG0105] |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
项目资助者 | U.S. National Science Foundation ; National Atmospheric Research Program ; National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control in China |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000499708600001 |
出版者 | COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/13000 |
专题 | 粉尘与环境研究室 第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心 |
通讯作者 | Watson, John G. |
作者单位 | 1.Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Key Lab Aerosol Chem & Phys, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Quaternary Sci & Global Change, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 4.Univ Nevada, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA 5.Hong Kong Premium Serv & Res Lab, Hong Kong, Peoples R China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Watson, John G.,Cao, Junji,Chen, L. -W. Antony,et al. Gaseous, PM2.5 mass, and speciated emission factors from laboratory chamber peat combustion[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2019,19(22):14173-14193. |
APA | Watson, John G..,Cao, Junji.,Chen, L. -W. Antony.,Wang, Qiyuan.,Tian, Jie.,...&Chow, Judith C..(2019).Gaseous, PM2.5 mass, and speciated emission factors from laboratory chamber peat combustion.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,19(22),14173-14193. |
MLA | Watson, John G.,et al."Gaseous, PM2.5 mass, and speciated emission factors from laboratory chamber peat combustion".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 19.22(2019):14173-14193. |
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